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It was understood, however Post Date: Sun, 10 Aug 2008 4:41:15 +0000 When Grant took office the State Department was given to B. Washburne. It was understood, however, that Mr Wash- burne would soon retire to accept the French Mission. Autor of the post: Undefined As a young man Mr Post Date: Sun, 10 Aug 2008 4:21:16 +0000 This arrange- ment was carried out, and Mr Fish became Secretary of State. This selection was the most surprising of all of Grant's appointments, but it turned out to be the most fortunate. As a young man Mr Fish had been prominent in New York politics. Autor of the post: Undefined Although only sixty j-ears Post Date: Sun, 10 Aug 2008 4:08:17 +0000 After serving in the New York Legislature, he was a member of Con- gress, 1843-5 He became Governor of New York in 1849, and a Senator in Congress in 1851. For more than ten years he had taken no active part in politics. Although only sixty j-ears of age, the politicians thought him su- perannuated. Autor of the post: Undefined It was soon found Post Date: Sun, 10 Aug 2008 3:51:15 +0000 But he brought to the Depart- ment the peculiar gifts that were needed for its successful administration, especially at that time. He was a man of high character for probity and honor, of fine culture, exten- sive acquirements, and distinguished family. It was soon found that he had kept fully abreast with the times in the knowledge of the for- eign relations of the United States, and was in all respects the equal of any of his predecessors as a Foreign Secretary. Autor of the post: Undefined President Grant's message made Post Date: Sun, 10 Aug 2008 3:39:58 +0000 His great wealth and recognized social position enabled him, aided by his accomplished wife, to dispense an unostentatious but generous and elegant hos- pitality, that gave character to his diplomacy and the Administra- tion. For once the croakers made a mistake when they complained of the selection of Hamilton Fish for the first place in Grant's Cabinet. President Grant's message made a profound impression in London. Autor of the post: Undefined In a war between England Post Date: Sun, 10 Aug 2008 3:27:45 +0000 The situation in Europe was such that the course he proposed became exceedingly embarrassing for Great Britain. The Franco-Prussian war had rendered the relations of the Great Powers uncertain, if not threatening. In a war between England and Russia the traditional friendship between the great empire of the East and the great repub- lic of the West would count for much a neutrality like that to which Great Britain had subjected the United States would count for more. Autor of the post: Undefined It was now Great Britain's Post Date: Sun, 10 Aug 2008 3:11:59 +0000 British commerce could be swept from the seas by armed vessels that escaped from American ports after the manner of the escape of the " Alabama " and other Confederate vessels from British ports during our Civil War. Under the circumstances, immediate war with the United States would have been preferable to the American policy that meant a menace for Great Britain in the hour of danger. It was now Great Britain's turn to become eager for a settlement, because the United States showed their purpose to gather in the outstanding claims, post their books, and wait! A Washington correspondent, when asked who created the Joint High Commission and the Geneva Tribunal, said: u Morton, Rose Co. Autor of the post: Undefined " The initiative was taken Post Date: Sun, 10 Aug 2008 2:54:15 +0000 for Great Britain, and Morton, Bliss Co. for the United States." The initiative was taken by Sir John Rose, the London partner of Levi Morton, the New York banker, afterward Vice-President of the United States. Autor of the post: Undefined The tone of his answer Post Date: Sun, 10 Aug 2008 2:41:21 +0000 The result of Sir John's visit to Washington was a letter from Sir Edward Thornton, the British Minister, to Secretary Fish, January 26, 1871, communicating instructions from Lord Gran- ville in regard to a better adjustment of the fishery question and all other matters affecting the relations of the United States to the British North American possessions. Sir Edward was authorized by his Government to propose the creation of a Joint High Commis- sion, the members to be named by each Government, which should meet in Washington, and discuss the question of the fisheries and the relations of the United States to Her Majesty's possessions in North America. The tone of his answer shows that the proposal was not a surprise to Mr Fish. Autor of the post: Undefined Sir Edward Thornton only waited Post Date: Sun, 10 Aug 2008 2:27:50 +0000 He said in reply that " in the opinion of the President the removal of differences which arose during the rebellion in the United States, and which had existed since then, growing out of the acts committed by several vessels, which have given rise to the claims generally known as the Alabama Claims, will also be essential to the restoration of cordial and amicable relations between the two Governments." The Treaty of Washington was remarkable for the celerity with which it was negotiated. Sir Edward Thornton only waited long enough to hear from Lord Granville by cable before sending his an- swer to Secretary Fish. 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